FromdreamsIproceedtofacts. Itwasthelastdayofour1999thyearofourera. Thepatteringoftherainhadlongagoannouncednightfall;andIwassitting[footnote1]inthecompanyofmywife,musingontheeventsofthepastandtheprospectsofthecomingyear,thecomingcentury,thecommingMillennium. MyfourSonsandtwoorphanGrandchildrenhadretiredtotheirseveralapartments;andmywifealoneremainedwithmetoseetheoldMillenniumoutandthenewonein. Iwasraptinthought,ponderinginmymindsomewordsthathadcasuallyissuedfromthemouthofmyyoungestGrandson,amostpromisingyoungHexagonofunusualbrilliancyandperfectangularity. HisunclesandIhadbeengivinghimhisusualpracticallessoninSightRecognition,turningourselvesuponourcentres,nowrapidly,nowmoreslowly,andquestioninghimastoourpositions;andhisanswershadbeensosatisfactorythatIhadbeeninducedtorewardhimbygivinghimafewhintsonArithmetic,asappliedtoGeometry. TakingnineSquares,eachanincheveryway,IhadputthemtogethersoastomakeonelargeSquare,withasideofthreeinches,andIhadhenceprovedtomylittleGrandsonthat—thoughitwasimpossibleforustoseetheinsideoftheSquare—yetwemightascertainthenumberofsquareinchesinaSquarebysimplysquaringthenumberofinchesintheside:"andthus,"saidI,"weknowthatthree-to-the-second,ornine,representsthenumberofsquareinchesinaSquarewhosesideisthreeincheslong." ThelittleHexagonmeditatedonthisawhileandthensaidtome;"Butyouhavebeenteachingmetoraisenumberstothethirdpower:Isupposethree-to-the-thirdmustmeansomethinginGeometry;whatdoesitmean?" "Nothingatall,"repliedI,"notatleastinGeometry;forGeometryhasonlyTwoDimensions." AndthenIbegantoshewtheboyhowaPointbymovingthroughalengthofthreeinchesmakesaLineofthreeinches,whichmayberepresentedbythree;andhowaLineofthreeinches,movingparalleltoitselfthroughalengthofthreeinches,makesaSquareofthreeincheseveryway,whichmayberepresentedbythree-to-the-second. Uponthis,myGrandson,againreturningtohisformersuggestion,tookmeuprathersuddenlyandexclaimed,"Well,then,ifaPointbymovingthreeinches,makesaLineofthreeinchesrepresentedbythree;andifastraightLineofthreeinches,movingparalleltoitself,makesaSquareofthreeincheseveryway,representedbythree-to-the-second;itmustbethataSquareofthreeincheseveryway,movingsomehowparalleltoitself(butIdon'tseehow)mustmakeSomethingelse(butIdon'tseewhat)ofthreeincheseveryway—andthismustberepresentedbythree-to-the-third." "Gotobed,"saidI,alittleruffledbythisinterruption:"ifyouwouldtalklessnonsense,youwouldremembermoresense." SomyGrandsonhaddisappearedindisgrace;andthereIsatbymyWife'sside,endeavouringtoformaretrospectoftheyear1999andofthepossibilitiesoftheyear2000;butnotquiteabletoshakeofthethoughtssuggestedbytheprattleofmybrightlittleHexagon. Onlyafewsandsnowremainedinthehalf-hourglass. RousingmyselffrommyreverieIturnedtheglassNorthwardforthelasttimeintheoldMillennium;andintheact,Iexclaimedaloud,"Theboyisafool." StraightwayIbecameconsciousofaPresenceintheroom,andachillingbreaththrilledthroughmyverybeing. "Heisnosuchthing,"criedmyWife,"andyouarebreakingtheCommandmentsinthusdishonouringyourownGrandson."ButItooknonoticeofher. LookingaroundineverydirectionIcouldseenothing;yetstillIfeltaPresence,andshiveredasthecoldwhispercameagain.Istartedup."Whatisthematter?" saidmyWife,"thereisnodraught;whatareyoulookingfor?Thereisnothing." Therewasnothing;andIresumedmyseat,againexclaiming,"Theboyisafool,Isay;three-to-the-thirdcanhavenomeaninginGeometry." Atoncetherecameadistinctlyaudiblereply,"Theboyisnotafool;andthree-to-the-thirdhasanobviousGeometricalmeaning." MyWifeaswellasmyselfheardthewords,althoughshedidnotunderstandtheirmeaning,andbothofussprangforwardinthedirectionofthesound. WhatwasourhorrorwhenwesawbeforeusaFigure! AtthefirstglanceitappearedtobeaWoman,seensideways;butamoment'sobservationshewedmethattheextremitiespassedintodimnesstoorapidlytorepresentoneoftheFemaleSex;andIshouldhavethoughtitaCircle,onlythatitseemedtochangeitssizeinamannerimpossibleforaCircleorforanyregularFigureofwhichIhadhadexperience. ButmyWifehadnotmyexperience,northecoolnessnecessarytonotethesecharacteristics. WiththeusualhastinessandunreasoningjealousyofherSex,sheflewatoncetotheconclusionthataWomanhadenteredthehousethroughsomesmallapeture."Howcomesthispersonhere?" sheexclaimed,"youpromisedme,mydear,thatthereshouldbenoventilatorsinournewhouse." "Noraretheyany,"saidI;"butwhatmakesyouthinkthatthestrangerisaWoman? IseebymypowerofSightRecoginition—""Oh,IhavenopatiencewithyourSightRecognition,"repliedshe,"'Feelingisbelieving'and'AStraightLinetothetouchisworthaCircletothesight'"—twoProverbs,verycommonwiththeFrailerSexinFlatland. "Well,"saidI,forIwasafraidofirritatingher,"ifitmustbeso,demandanintroduction." Assuminghermostgraciousmanner,myWifeadvancedtowardstheStranger,"Permitme,Madamtofeelandbefeltby—"then,suddenlyrecoiling,"Oh! itisnotaWoman,andtherearenoangleseither,notatraceofone. CanitbethatIhavesomisbehavedtoaperfectCircle?" "Iamindeed,inacertainsenseaCircle,"repliedtheVoice,"andamoreperfectCirclethananyinFlatland;buttospeakmoreaccurately,IammanyCirclesinone." Thenheaddedmoremildly,"Ihaveamessage,dearMadam,toyourhusband,whichImustnotdeliverinyourpresence;and,ifyouwouldsufferustoretireforafewminutes—"ButmywifewouldnotlistentothepropsalthatouraugustVisitorshouldsoincommodehimself,andassuringtheCirclethatthehourofherownretirementhadlongpassed,withmanyreiteratedapologiesforherrecentindiscretion,sheatlastretreatedtoherapartment. Iglancedatthehalf-hourglass.Thelastsandshadfallen.ThethirdMillenniumhadbegun. Footnote1.WhenIsay"sitting,"ofcourseIdonotmeananychangeofattitudesuchasyouinSpacelandsignifybythatword;foraswehavenofeet,wecannomore"sit"nor"stand"(inyoursenseoftheword)thanoneofyoursolesorflounders. Nevertheless,weperfectlywellrecognizethedifferentmentalstatesofvolitionimpliedby"lying,""sitting,"and"standing,"whicharetosomeextentindicatedtoabeholderbyaslightincreaseoflustrecorrespondingtotheincreaseofvolition. Butonthis,andathousandotherkindredsubjects,timeforbidsmetodwell.